Journal

Primary research

Brain, Dementia, Fatigue, Hot flushes, Metabolic energy switch, Mitochondria

Menopause and cognitive impairment: A narrative review of current knowledge

A severe impairment of cognitive function characterizes dementia. Mild cognitive impairment represents a transition between normal cognition and dementia. The frequency of cognitive changes is higher in women than in men. Based on this fact, hormonal factors likely contribute to cognitive decline. In this sense, cognitive complaints are more common near menopause, a phase marked by a decrease in hormone levels, especially estrogen.

Additionally, a tendency toward worsened cognitive performance has been reported in women during menopause. Vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes, sweating, and dizziness), vaginal dryness, irritability and forgetfulness are common and associated with a progressive decrease in ovarian function and a subsequent reduction in the serum estrogen concentration.

This article reviews the main aspects of menopause and cognition, including the neuroprotective role of estrogen and the relationship between menopausal symptoms and cognitive function.

ARTICLE

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Cortisol|Osteocalcin|Osteoporosis|stress

Impacts of Psychological Stress on Osteoporosis: Clinical Implications and Treatment Interactions

While osteoporosis and psychological stress occur via differing mechanisms, there are several potential molecular links that exist between a pathological response to stress and the development of bone disease. Although not a comprehensive list, these may include dysregulation of the HPA-axis and SAM pathway, inflammatory pathways, IGF signaling, estrogen, serotonin, GABA, and RANKL. SOURCE
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Role of cortisol in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis: relationship to bone structure

Excess glucocorticoids are well recognised as a cause of osteoporosis; they inhibit osteoblast function and increase osteoblast and osteocyte apoptosis resulting in thinning of the trabeculae. The circadian rhythm of bone turnover, which is linked to cortisol rhythm, is abnormal in osteoporosis. Furthermore, some studies show abnormal cortisol metabolism in osteoporosis. The aim of our…
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Stress Factors Increase Osteoporosis: A ComparativeAssessment of Osteocalcin and Cortisol Levels in Menopausal Women

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Association of Menopausal Vasomotor Symptoms With Increased Bone Turnover During the Menopausal Transition

The purpose of this study was to determine the longitudinal association between menopausal vasomotor symptoms (VMS) and urinary N-telopeptide level (NTX) according to menopausal stage. We conclude that among early perimenopausal and late perimenopausal women, those with VMS had higher bone turnover than those without VMS. Prior to the final menstrual period, VMS may be a…
Hot flushes|Osteoporosis

Presence of vasomotor symptoms is associated with lower bone mineral density

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Endocrinal metabolic regulation on the skeletal system in post-menopausal women

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Osteocalcin, a promising marker of osteoporosis: evaluation in post-menopausal females with osteoporosis

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Brain|Dementia|Fatigue|Hot flushes|Metabolic energy switch|Mitochondria

Menopause and cognitive impairment: A narrative review of current knowledge

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White Matter Lipids as a Ketogenic Fuel Supply in Aging Female Brain: Implications for Alzheimer’s Disease

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Perimenopause as a neurological transition state

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Low Estrogen Exposure and/or Defective Estrogen Signaling Induces Disturbances in Glucose Uptake and Energy Expenditure

Estradiol and its receptors are key players in the physiology and insulin production capacity of the β cells of pancreatic islets. Estradiol administration is associated with pancreatic islet hypertrophy and increased insulin release from the β cells in rats. Islet cells isolated from ovariectomized mice respond to glucose with a smaller insulin release than islet…
Brain|Insulin Signalling|Keto|Metabolic energy switch|Mitochondria

Estrogen: A master regulator of bioenergetic systems in the brain and body

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Menopause and cognitive impairment: A narrative review of current knowledge

MORE FROM RESEARCH

Using Copper to Improve the Well-Being of the Skin

Impacts of Psychological Stress on Osteoporosis: Clinical Implications and Treatment Interactions

Role of cortisol in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis: relationship to bone structure

Stress Factors Increase Osteoporosis: A ComparativeAssessment of Osteocalcin and Cortisol Levels in Menopausal Women

Association of Menopausal Vasomotor Symptoms With Increased Bone Turnover During the Menopausal Transition

Presence of vasomotor symptoms is associated with lower bone mineral density

Endocrinal metabolic regulation on the skeletal system in post-menopausal women

Osteocalcin, a promising marker of osteoporosis: evaluation in post-menopausal females with osteoporosis

Menopause and cognitive impairment: A narrative review of current knowledge

Effects of ketone bodies in Alzheimer’s disease in relation to neural hypometabolism, β-amyloid toxicity, and astrocyte function

Menopausal hot flash frequency changes in response to experimental manipulation of blood glucose

White Matter Lipids as a Ketogenic Fuel Supply in Aging Female Brain: Implications for Alzheimer’s Disease

Perimenopause as a neurological transition state

Low Estrogen Exposure and/or Defective Estrogen Signaling Induces Disturbances in Glucose Uptake and Energy Expenditure

Estrogen: A master regulator of bioenergetic systems in the brain and body

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